CM202

CM202

頻率下降時電壓V也成比例下降，這個問題已在回答4說明。V與f的比例關系是考慮了電機特性而預先決定的，通常在控制器的存儲裝置（ROM）中存有幾種特性，可以用開關或標度盤進行選擇。

　　按比例地改V和f時，電機的轉矩如何變化？

　　頻率下降時完全成比例地降低電壓，那么由于交流阻抗變小而直流電阻不變，將造成在低速下產生地轉矩有減小的傾向。因此，在低頻時給定V/f，要使輸出電壓提高一些，以便獲得地起動轉矩，這種補償稱增強起動。可以采用各種方法實現(xiàn)，有自動進行的方法、選擇V/f模式或調整電位器等方法。

　　在說明書上寫著變速范圍60~6Hz，即10：1，那么在6Hz以下就沒有輸出功率嗎？

　　在6Hz以下仍可輸出功率，但根據(jù)電機溫升和起動轉矩的大小等條件，低使用頻率取6Hz左右，此時電動機可輸出額定轉矩而不會引起嚴重的發(fā)熱問題。變頻器實際輸出頻率（起動頻率）根據(jù)機種為0.5~3Hz。

　　對于一般電機的組合是在60Hz以上也要求轉矩，是否可以？

　　通常情況下時不可以的。在60Hz以上（也有50Hz以上的模式）電壓不變，大體為恒功率特性，在高速下要求相同轉矩時。11所謂開環(huán)是什么意思？給所使用的電機裝置設速度檢出器（PG），將實際轉速反饋給控制裝置進行控制的，稱為“閉環(huán) ”，不用PG運轉的就叫作“開環(huán)”。通用變頻器多為開環(huán)方式，也有的機種利用選件可進行PG反饋。無速度傳感器閉環(huán)控制方式是根據(jù)建立的數(shù)學模型根據(jù)磁通推算電機的實際速度，相當于用一個虛擬的速度傳感器形成閉環(huán)控制。

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